This factory was part of the 1939-45 war emergency expansion plan. PMP Pretoria Metal Pressings (Pty) Ltd., Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA. The coal industry has been replaced by manufacturers of consumer goods, and factories of Electrolux, Thorn Lighting and Black and Decker were established. 1560 The Gunpowder Mills at Waltham Abbey were opened.[1]. During the battle, the prior from Durham and his monks knelt on a little hillock in the Shaw Wood and prayed for an English victory while holding aloft, impaled on a spear, the Holy Corporax Cloth from the Cathedral. Post-WWI Returned to lower production levels. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in 1942 only. It is impossible to walk between the rows of cottages without being convinced that the surface of the ground is to a large extent composed of the overflowing contents of these midden boxes. Spennymoor Health Centre opened. 1976 750,000 Spennymoor Recreation Centre opened. In 1677 the small freeholders and the local gentry divided 243 acres of the moor between themselves, an act which was confirmed by the Chancery Court. The name Binchester is the usual Saxon corruption or adaptation of the Roman site name. ROF Aycliffe; Filling Factory No. Known to have produced .303 ball cartridges . In addition to these plants the original cap production was maintained at Witton. Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, JAPAN. Troubled Years 1985 There were 12 Royal Ordnance Factories still in operation. RG Royal Ordnance Factory, Radway Green, Cheshire, UNITED KINGDOM. The Captain without thinking shouted 'shoot the bugger' and this is what the lads did and were in serious trouble. ROF Queniborough; Filling Factory No. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Blank, Nitro-cellulose L Canadian Mk 1 (1955 & 1956). A new 3-bedroom semi cost 3,375 to buy on private housing estate. Three closed in 1924 and the strike saw another two fail. 1942 1942 1943 1944 Tikkakoski Arsenal - Finland Tikkakoski was the first private arms manufacturer in Finland. Known to have manufactured .303 cartridges in: Ball, Nitro-cellulose Mk 7Z ( Late Pattern ), Blank, Nitro-cellulose L Mk 5Z ( Canadian Pattern ). Nothing could well exceed the nuisance attendant on the disposal of excrement and refuse in Spennymoor. Band Stand refurbished to its former state. The The Arsenal dates from 1670 and has manufactured many different items of warlike stores for the armed forces. 1962 Pavilions added to Merrington Lane playing fields. Do Hirtenberg Patronenfabrik factory at Dordrecht, NETHERLANDS. Known to have produced .303 cartridges up to 1919 in: L There is some confusion over this headstamp code as both Lorenz Ammunition and Ordnance Co, Millwall, London, UNITED KINGDOM and Ludlow and Co, Wolverhampton, Staffs, UNITED KINGDOM are believed to have used a L as their code and both manufactured .303 cartridges between 1887 and 1890. This is an insight into the Aycliffe Royal Ordnance Factory, ROF 59, (1941-1945) and the 'Aycliffe Angels'. This factory was built in 1916 and was administered on behalf of the Government by the Kings Norton Metal Co. Production of .303 cartridges did not start until late 1918 and the production of all ammunition finally ceased in early 1919. Find out how you can use this. El Alamein. The Mark VI round was introduced in 1904 with a 215 grain jacketed round nosed bullet similar to the Mark II bullet but with a thinner jacket. this was examining and weighing capsules to be used in Burma for killing mosquitoes and fleas. KN Kings Norton Metal Co., Birmingham, UNITED KINGDOM. They are known to have manufactured .303 cartridges in: GA Grenfell and Accles Ltd, Perry Barr, Birmingham, UNITED KINGDOM. In 1935 the .303 O Mark 1 Observing round was introduced for use in machine guns. Initially ICI Ltd were to have operated this plant but they were advised in 1940 of the change in plans and the factory was run as a Royal Ordnance Factory by the Ministry of Supply. I was chosen along with 2 other girls to visit Goosepool Aerodrome (now Durham/Tees Valley International Airport), where the Canadian airmen were stationed. Today, Merrington church is one of the most prominent local landmarks. Butchers Race, one of the Five Lanes which meet at Tudhoe Crossroads, was so named after this foray. ROF Blackpole; SAA Factory No. Royal Ordnance Factories were for explosives manufacture, filling of munitions and engineering. We had stirrup pumps to put out fires from Incendiary Bombs. All these villages had common rights on the moor but, as it became denuded by increasing flocks, some of the local people were induced to relinquish their rights and so, gradually, the common became the property of just one owner Merrington Priory. During the period ending with the 1914-18 war Kynoch, which by then was the largest of the British commercial ammunition manufacturers, owned rolling mills at Witton; at Lodge Road, Birmingham and at Eyre Street, Birmingham. This factory made and marked cases but filling was carried out at the Royal Ordnance Factory Swynnerton, Staffs. The three historic state-controlled munitions factories at Woolwich, Enfield, and Waltham Abbey were taken over as National Factories were controlled by the Army Board at the outbreak of the war, under the Master General of the Ordnance. The land on which Spennymoor now stands was once a vast expanse of moorland covered with thorn and whin bushes (Spenny Moor). The views expressed are theirs and unless specifically stated are not The USA should therefore, along with Australia, India and the United Kingdom, be considered as one of the major producers of both .303 rifles and ammunition. Neither Britons nor Romans cultivated the moor, but on the site of Binchester, a village five miles to the south-west, the Romans built a camp around which grew up the settlement of Vinovium. DAC Dominion Arsenal, Quebec, CANADA. Wolsey adopted by people of Spennymoor. 11. The following .303 cartridges are known to have been produced since 1889: Armour Piercing Mks VII.S, VII.P, VII.PZ, VII.W, VII.WZ, W Mk 1, Ball, Cordite Mks 1, 2, 2*, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, Ball, Nitro-cellulose Mks 7z, 8z & 7z RC ( reduced charge ), Ball, Short Range Practice, Cordite Mks 1,2,3 and 4, Cartridge Rifle Grenade, Cordite Mks 1 and 2, Cartridge Discharger, Blackpowder E Mk 1T, Drill D Mk 6, D Mk 6*, D Mk 7, D Mk 8 and D Mk 9, Explosive R Mk 1, R Mk 2, R Mk 3, and R Mk 3*. 1803 the Royal Carriage Department was set up, 1804 Manufacture of small arms began at the Tower of London. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: G..F3 or C..F3 Government Cartridge Factory No 3, Blackpole, Worcestershire, UNITED KINGDOM. It was changed to a limited company in 1884 as G. Kynoch & Co Ltd and by then was manufacturing metallic ammunition. Royal Ordnance Factory, ROF, Blackburn was part of the Ministry of Defence organisations producing components for the manufacture of armaments and arms related equipment from the late 1930 until after WWII. 1934 Prince of Wales visits the Town for a second time. It was originally built by the Normans and its splendid strategic position led to it being fortified in 1143 by the Scots intruder, William Cumyn. In WWII Explosives factories were established at[9]: WWII: 20 Filling factories were planned but only 16 were built including[11] [12]: WWII: Other Filling factories were devoted to Small Arms Ammunition: Grace's Guide web site design is Copyright 2021 by Grace's Guide Ltd. those of the BBC. Kirk Merrington football field refurbished. ROF Spennymoor; SAA Factory No. MJ Small Arms Ammunition Factory No 4, Hendon, AUSTRALIA. The bullet to this round was designed to break up with a puff of smoke on impact with a target or the ground . Royal Ordnance Factory, Spennymoor - Hansard - UK Parliament Hansard record of the item : 'Royal Ordnance Factory, Spennymoor' on Thursday 31 May 1945. Kenmirs Furniture Factory and the old Arcadia Cinema were both destroyed by fire. Town wins Northumbria in Bloom (Town Section). On nitro-cellulose loaded .303 Mk 7z Ball cartridges made by FNM of Moscavide, PORTUGAL. It was involved in the production of .303 cartridges in only a very limited way and is known to have manufactured these cartridges in: Tracer G Mk 2 (in cases dated 1943 and 1944). From 1918 to 1950 it had its own parliamentary constituency, from 1950 to 1974 it was in the Durham constituency and from 1974 to 1983 in the North West Durham constituency. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Tracer G Mk 2,G Mk 3, G Mk 4, G Mk 5 and G Mk 6. 1940 1949. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: 180 & 215 gr jacketed soft point sporting ammunition, RR or RRCO Ross Rifle Co, Montreal, CANADA. Mr. Leslie. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: 180 gr jacketed soft point sporting ammunition, 150 gr jacketed soft point sporting ammunition. Tracer Mk VII.G, G Mk 1, G Mk 2, G Mk 2Z, G Mk 3, Tracer G Mk 3Z, G Mk 4, G Mk 5, G Mk 6, G Mk 6Z, G Mk 7, G Mk 8 and G Mk 8Z, 180 gr Jacketed soft point sporting ammunition, Streamlined Pattern 1936-37 Match Cartridge, Bulleted blanks for Bren, Lewis and Vickers, Experimental armour piercing incendiary (1956). In 1963 changes were indicated and Durham County Council and then then Ministry of Housing and Local Government agreed that Spennymoor should be a new growth point and that town centre redevelopment should take place; that the Tudhoe ironworks site should be reclaimed; that a major highway scheme should be put into hand; that the Royal Ordnance Factory Industrial Estate should be extended and that the Green Lane Industrial Estate should be developed. They used the MF monogram May 1926 to 1945 and the AF monogram from January 1924 to February 1925. My thanks to John Kindred for clarification on the monograms used on Australian small arms ammunition. Known to have manufactured nitro-cellulose loaded .303 Ball, Mk 7 cartridges. It may be of some interest to learn that during the First World War more than 7,000 million Mk 7 ball cartridges were produced by British factories alone. The headstamp code B denoting the manufacturer should not be confused with B as in BVIIZ which indicates incendiary ammunition. Cartridge cases were being produced by late 1940 but the ball bullets were still being imported into the factory in 1941. Nevertheless, the whole of this countryside was made desolate by Williams soldiers, and for many years it was the haunt of outlaws and wild animals. 1886 The Sparkbrook factory of the National Arms and Ammunition Co was sold to the government[2] in order to secure the production of small arms. 1913 Queen Mary visits the town. FC Federal Cartridge Co, Anoka, Minn., UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. CAC Colonial Ammunition Co., Melbourne, AUSTRALIA. The greatest project came with the development of the Tudhoe ironworks site 70 acres that was turned into the Bessemer Park Housing Estate. Grace's Guide is the leading source of historical information on industry and On British military contracts 1940-45 180 & 215 gr jacketed soft point sporting ammunition. Floral waistcoats and ribboned hats were worn on these highly colourful occasions. 22. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: AE Arsenal do Ejercito, Lisbon, PORTUGAL. U = Utah Ordnance Plant - Salt Lake City, Utah. These men, early industrial workers, wore their hair long and on these gala days it flowed freely over their shoulders instead of, as usually was the case, being tied in curls. Manufactured .303 cartridges with this headstamp January 1924 to February 1925. RNRA Rhodesia National Rifle Association. Call Us: 01388 815276 The Badcock Armoury closed. Since the introduction of the .303 cartridge in 1889 it has been manufactured in at least 20 countries and in nearly 200 military variants as well as in numerous experimental and sporting cartridge configurations. Beretta Group owns now the Tikka arms brand. We were then taken to the canteen for lunch, which consisted of battered spam and chips. Download. The most common system with the .303 cartridge used coloured bullet tips or colour around the annulus of the primer cap. R..W Rudge Whitworth Ltd., Tyseley, UNITED KINGDOM. Rough houses were built for the pit workers houses with two rooms and a loft, more like piggeries than human habitation according to Dodd. 1939 Outbreak of World War II. In 1910 the 174 grain pointed Mark VII bullet was adopted and the muzzle velocity was increased to 2440 feet per second. Maintained by Sapere Software. Electric lighting for Spennymoor. 1898 North Eastern Hotel destroyed by fire. Royal Ordnance Factory, Spennymoor, Durham, UK. This company represents the only new commercial ammunition manufacturer put into business by the Government as a result of demand in the 1914- 18 war. RTS Richard Threlfall and Sons, UNITED KINGDOM. Gas Works opened for lighting in Spennymoor. Cases were made in Birmingham then assembled and loaded at the Abbey Wood Factory, next to Woolwich Arsenal. Early site history and production [ edit] First World War [ edit] . This factory manufactured cartridges for use by the British Army in India as well as the Indian Army. ROF Swynnerton; Filling Factory No. I was an Air Raid Warden which meant seeing my workmates into the air raid shelter safely and staying with them until the air raid was over after the all clear siren. 2000 Millennium Mining Memorial unveiled in Victoria Jubilee Park. This propellant, however, was not considered to be as stable as cordite in the tropics and cordite was, therefore, still retained as a propellant in military cartridges for the remainder of the cartridges service life. Solid Case, .303inch. We had workers playtime during our half hour break. HXP Greek Powder and Cartridge Co, Athens, GREECE. As is to be expected, the moor itself offers little of historical interest but it is linked with the records of Kirk Merrington, Whitworth Old Park, Binchester, Byers Green and Tudhoe, all of which form a part of the early days of Spennymoor. 1811 The Royal Small Arms Factory site at Enfield was purchased. List of sites of Royal Ordnance Factories. Cases were supplied by MJ, Ball Mk 7 (loaded into cases with BVI head stamp). ROF Featherstone; Filling Factory No. WRA = Winchester Repeating Arms - New Haven, Connecticut. WRA = Winchester Repeating Arms - New Haven, Connecticut. 20. Known to have produced .303 ball cartridges. Quarter inch green band Canadian made tracer, Wide green band at equator of case Canadian made Match Ball (1922), Six purple bands around equator of case Canadian Match Ball (1926), Ball round with case blackened quarter inch back from the mouth Short Range Practice Mk 1 (1895 1897), or Mk 2 (1899 1912), Case completely blackened with brass dummy bullet Blank with mock bullet Mk 6, Blank case all black Rifle grenade blank Mk 2, Blank, front half black Rifle Grenade, Ballistite, Blank, front and rear thirds black Rifle grenade Mk 4 for Grenade No 85, Blank, rear half black Rifle grenade blank Mk 7z or Smoke discharger Mk 1T, Ball, reddened case Proof round Mks 1 to 3. The Woolwich site apart from containing all the supportive facilities for the research, design, development, inspection and testing of ammunition also included an extensive range complex on the Plumpstead Marshes. 1890 Tudhoe Iron Works produced 50,000 tons of steel. ROF Blackpool; SAA Factory. 1904 Tudhoe Rugby Club defunct. 1985 Victoria Jubilee Park purchased by the Town Council. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: KF or K Indian Government Ammunition Factory Kirkee (or Kirkee Arsenal), near Poona, INDIA. Explosive bullets were not produced in the UK after about 1933 due to the relatively small amount of explosive that could be contained in the bullet limiting their effectiveness, their role being successfully fulfilled by the use of Mark 6 and 7 incendiary bullets which were also of a less complicated construction. The round nose bullet form of the Black Powder Mark 1 and 2 and of the Cordite Mark 1 and 2 were felt by many servicemen to have less man stopping effect than the old lead .45 inch Martini bullet, the predecessor in service of the .303 cartridge. Post-War: many of the factories were closed, although some were reopened for the Korean war. Smart and Brown opens on Ordnance Factory site. A nursery school was opened in the park to look after children while mothers did war work. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 Ball cartridges, VIS Atelier de Chargement de Vincennes, FRANCE. We had evacuees in Spennymoor, these were from Gateshead and people were given 8/- a week to keep them in food, which today is 40p! 1807 Small arms manufacture moved to the Royal Manufactory of Small Arms at Lewisham. This factory was part of the 1939- 45 war emergency expansion plans being situated near Crewe and is still in operation. It became Kynoch Ltd in 1897. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: F Small Arms Ammunition Factory, Footscray, AUSTRALIA. 1987 Town wins National Allotment Society Waterlow Trophy. 17. This of course was not the total number of .303 rifles produced in the UK during WW2, as the SMLE Rifle No 1 was still being manufactured, BSA alone producing nearly a quarter of a million No 1 Mk III and III* rifles. Servicesheld in Town Hall. CAC Colonial Ammunition Co., Auckland, NEW ZEALAND. Town Hall, The .303 British Service cartridge, commonly known as the .303 or .303 British was adopted by Britain along with the Lee Metford Rifle in 1889. They received their first Government contract for the supply of Mk 7 Ball ammunition in 1915 and continued to produce until the end of 1918 at their new factory at Tyseley. 1868 Spennymoor Steeplechase Meeting at the Four Lane Ends attracted 8,000 spectators. 1909 Pavilion Roller Skating Rink (The Rink) built in Clarence Street. Whitworth Park Golf Club (9 holes) opens. The following .303 cartridges are known to have been produced by Kynoch: Armour Piercing Mks VII.S, VII.P, VII.W, W Mk 1 and W Mk 1Z, Ball, Nitro-cellulose Mk 8z with Aluminium Case, Drill, D Mk 6, D Mk 8, D Mk 9 and D Mk 10. The town was founded over 160 years ago. I remember Tudhoe Colliery being bombed. C.E. New Railway station built at Spennymoor. These appalling conditions continued into the 20th century and even by 1920 less than 10% of the town houses had water closets. Known to have manufactured .303 cartridges in: GKB or K George Kynoch, Birmingham, UNITED KINGDOM. Hornady Hornady have manufactured their Custom brand of nitro-cellulose loaded .303 ammunition in the following sporting cartridges: 150 gr Spire Point Soft nosed sporting cartridge, 174 gr Round Soft nosed sporting cartridge. Most of the content on this site is created by our users, who are members of the As a general rule the absence of a colour coding indicates a standard ball cartridge. Slightly before that, in the 1860s, a rather advanced area of working-class housing had been erected at Tudhoe Grange built by Marmaduke Salvin to house local workers. 1994 Town wins National Allotment Society Waterlow Trophy. In 1887, when they were renamed the Royal Ordnance Factories, control passed to the financial secretary's Civil Department, from which in 1899 they returned to the . Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded Imperial Japanese Navy Year Type 92 Machine Gun ammunition which is interchangeable with the .303 cartridge in: ZV Zbrojovka Brno, Brno, CZECHOSLOVAKIA. Royal Ordnance Factory. P or PC Peters Cartridge Co., Kings Mills, Ohio, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Although these were the only houses built before the war, they did provide some hope and allowed the clearance of some of the worst of the squalid areas. MEXICO Fabrica National de Munitions, Mexico City, MEXICO. text of this web site is available under the Creative The ROF Regiment were stationed in Spennymoor factory under the leadership of Captain Calderbank. 1986 Tudhoe Community Centre built. 1984 Middlestone Moor Community Centre built. This company manufactured ammunition from an early stage, finally ceasing production in the late 1950s. 1930 New Tivoli cinema opened at a cost of 15,000. The main factor was the opening in 1941 of a Royal Ordnance Factory at Merrington Lane and since then this estate has provided a constant source of alternative employment to the coal industry. Despite the high levels of unemployment, the housing situation at last took an upturn in the 1930s when the Urban District Council began to use its wider powers to take action on unfit houses. Most countries do not, unlike Britain, identify the bullet by the headstamp, so such colour markings are often the only way to identify the bullet in use. ROF Steeton; SAA Factory No. Known to have produced both ball and blank .303 cartridges. 1818 The work of the Lewisham establishment was transferred to Enfield. Aycliffe filled the cases which we produced and this was very dangerous work. We were introduced to several top men who told us our visit had been delayed due to various reasons, because of raids and moonlight. Spennymoor, United Kingdom (1913-1945). Made dummy drill rounds with a one piece tinplate case and bullet and having a crimped on base in 1915. U = Utah Ordnance Plant - Salt Lake City, Utah. In the event that you consider anything on this page to be in breach of the site's House Rules, please click here. I worked at the Royal Ordnance factory (ROF) at Spennymoor. The main factor was the opening in 1941 of a Royal Ordnance Factory at Merrington Lane and since then this estate has provided a constant source of alternative employment to the . Small Arms Ammunition - This type of factory was, in essence, an Engineering factory which specialised in the production of small arms shell casings. These houses were, unusually, semi-detached and arranged in a chequerboard layout, very much in contrast to the dreary terraces that were then the standard. 1987 Middlestone Moor Community Centre extended. By this time we were given mugs of tea and corned beef sarnies. Cordite consisted of 58% Nitro-glycerine, 37% Nitro-cellulose and 5% Mineral Jelly and was normally pressed into cord form but tubular, tape, flaked and sliced cordite were also used. It stands above the Wear Valley approximately seven miles south of Durham. This page was last edited on 27 May 2022, at 11:53. 2005 BAe Land Systems Munitions and Ordnance employs about 1650 people at sites including the former RO sites at Birtley, Bishopton, Bridgwater, Chorley, Glascoed, Radway Green and Shrivenham. It began production of .303 ammunition in 1941 initially with the headstamp code of two arrows replacing these in 1942 with the code SR. They factories employed 300,000 people and were responsible for producing two-thirds of guns made in the UK and a similar proportion of the ammunition[7]. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: K or KYNOCH Kynoch & Co, Witton, Birmingham, UNITED KINGDOM. Cordite was used as a propellant from 1891 and the first adopted cordite cartridge, the Cartridge S.A. Ball, Magazine Rifle Cordite Mark 1, had a 215 grain round nosed cupro-nickel jacketed bullet giving a muzzle velocity of about 1970 feet per second at a chamber pressure of about 17.5 tons per square inch. An era of prosperity dawned in the 1860s and 1870s when the miners were earning 1 per day. Used on military .303 (7.7 x 56R) cartridges supplied to Egypt in the period 1948 1954. Believed to have manufactured .303 ammunition as early as 1898 until 1918. Spennymoor is a town in County Durham, England. Housing, too, has made great strides since the end of the War. BLANCH J Blanch & Sons of Fenchurch St, London, UNITED KINGDOM. 1944 Christmas Eve a stray German VI Flying Bomb exploded in Tudhoe Cricket Club field at 6 am D-Day, 6th June. Types of Royal Ordnance Factories (ROFs) 1. This factory made and marked cases but filling was carried out at the Royal Ordnance Factory Swynnerton, Staffs. Over the next 2 years about 40000 was invested in re-equipping the factory[3]. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: 130gr, 150gr, 180gr and 215 gr jacketed soft point sporting ammunition, OFN Government Ordinance Factory, Lagos, NIGERIA. 1942 There were 42 Royal Ordnance factories at this time, of which 24 were engineering, 8 made explosives, and 10 were engaged in filling ordnance (these numbers seem to have been confused by the MP reporting these statistics). Single lineRailway Bridge built over High Street. The monogram MF1 was used for a short time in 1940 when the Gordon Street Factory commenced production. The only portion of the common that was left was a small plot reserved for the use of a spring of water. BPD Bombrini, Parodi et Delfino, Rome ITALY. In 1962 the Metals Division of ICI was reorganised as a separate company known as Imperial Metal Industries (Kynoch) Ltd. During WW1 Kynoch produced in excess of 2,373 million .303 cartridges. 1966 Bus Station and Parkwood Precinct opened. Colourful occasions Mk 7z Ball cartridges made by FNM of Moscavide,.! Weighing capsules to be in breach of the Factories were closed, although were! Mk 7z Ball cartridges made by FNM of Moscavide, PORTUGAL these in 1942 with the headstamp code B the. Military.303 ( 7.7 x 56R ) cartridges supplied to Egypt in the late 1950s the Rink built. Steeplechase Meeting at the Abbey Wood Factory, Footscray, AUSTRALIA a short time in 1940 the. 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