This link can be sent in a variety of ways including text message, email, or even via Facebook or Twitter. I simply give the new album a title and then tap Next to choose the set of participants. you're probably familiar with hierarchical sharing, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer uses a new feature in CloudKit, called Record Zone Sharing, covered in more detail, But let's take a look at how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. CloudKit, the technology behind iCloud, enables iOS apps to synchronize data across a user's devices, as well as share data between users, with solid privacy and security features built-in. Observe CloudSharingView in the context of updating permissions. I had to decorate the post table cells to indicate which ones are shared. Apple added sharing to CloudKit. This doesn't seem to work. shared CKRecords are contained inside a shared CKRecordZone. If necessary, you then pass the updated server record to CloudKit to write the new record. For SQLite-backed stores, Core Data provided ubiquitous persistent storage. However, CloudKit gives you the tools you need for this. Enabling CloudKit Syncing The next step of preparing your shared data is to enable storing your data in iCloud. In Core Data, we think of our objects in terms of NSManagedObject. For example, I might need to know whether or not an object is shared. It's free to sign up and bid on jobs. in a way that facilitates this type of injection. This is because you havent accepted the invitation yet. to test these decision points by injection. Of course, this could result in yet another conflict (if another update came in between), but then you just repeat the process until you get a successful result. This practice allows CloudKit to better manage network transfer and server-side storage of these types of items. Ill focus on an iOS application, but the same approach can be used for macOS clients as well. CKAsset data is handled via local temporary files containing the corresponding data. Each participant will also have their own collection, applications can operate on shared objects. For each participant, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer manages objects in two CloudKit databases, the .private and the .shared database. Download iOS 13.0+ iPadOS 13.0+ Xcode 13.0+ Mac Catalyst 13.0+ Overview As technology advances, people collaborate with others through cloud-based apps more than ever. Otherwise it looks like you're out of luck with sharing from CloudKit for now. Saving records is, perhaps, the most complicated operation. Fetching a record by name is very straightforward. class NSPersistentCloudKitContainerEventRequest A request to fetch setup, import, or export events in a persistent CloudKit container. The first step does a one-time setup in preparation for writing the record, and the second step passes the assembled record down to the singleton CloudKitNoteDatabase class. Notice the role and permission for each user. Let's look at that change in a bit more detail. We can see here that Jermaine is the owner. After a short wait, the post I created on Jermaine's device is now visible on this device as well. In addition to sending a share link, the app must also be adapted to accept a share and fetch the record for the shared cloud database. Otherwise, use fetchShares(matching:) to see if you have objects matching the objectID in question. into instances of CKRecord that are stored in CloudKit. Amazing! to instantiate an instance of UICloudSharingController. Each of these is mirrored to a persistent store in my application, one using the .private database scope and the other using the .shared database scope. But this isn't how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer works. However, such conflicts can arise from other circumstances. On Jermaine's device now, I'll accept the new share. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer turns those managed objects. Build apps that share data through CloudKit and Core Data Learn how to easily build apps that share data between multiple iCloud users with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. The solution is in CloudSharingController.swift. Finally, I invoke UICloudSharingController's completion block with the results provided by NSPersistentCloudKitContainer, which tells it I'm ready to continue the sharing flow. CloudKit automatically creates a default zone for the private database. Even in this humble sample application, I've had to make a number of changes to the user interface to present information about shared objects. You do a bit of requisite error checking and then simply fetch the actual data from the CKRecord and store the values in your member fields. Along the way, Ill take a look at some of the trickier aspects of cloud-based data synchronization, including conflict handling and inconsistent network layer behavior. Select your desired delivery method and send the invitation. and the cells that correspond to unshared objects don't. And finally, I had to build new user interface elements to display information about the participants on an individual share. But in my application, I took a slightly different approach. This means not only the owner but also the second user can modify the data shared with them. Change tokens can be thought of like a bookmark telling you where you were before the most recent sequence of changes occurred. Then, I set the BlockBasedProvider as the provider for the view controller, completing the injection. Unlike iCloud, CloudKit does have the option to have public data available to anyone who uses the app. These silent pushes happen entirely without user visibility or interaction, and as a result, dont require the user to enable push notification for your app, saving you many potential user-experience headaches as an app developer. 542), How Intuit democratizes AI development across teams through reusability, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. It may be tempting to think that the above is a completely robust data sharing solution, but its not quite that simple. Open CoreDataStack.swift. The unique record id name doesn't seem to be enough to find the record. A general guideline is to use com.company_name.bundle_identifier. Participants can have different roles and permissions. And finally, we'll briefly discuss how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer can help you enable some additional protection for sensitive data stored in iCloud. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. Lets look now at a layer built on top of that to manage these operations in the context of a specific Note. acceptShareInvitations(from metadata: into persistentStore: I used this method in the AppDelegeate's application, userDidAcceptCloudKitShare( with metadata:) method, to simply pass the incoming share metadata. I did this by modifying the CoreDataStack, adding a new persistent store description--, here just a copy of the one for the .private store, Then, I set its CloudKit container options, to be configured to mirror persistent stores, I adopted a new method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer, share(_ managedObjects: to share: completion:). Accepting share invitations and fetching the shared data. The techniques outlined in this chapter will be put to practical use in the chapter entitled An iOS CloudKit Sharing Example. In this simple Note application, with a single user switching between devices, youre not likely to see too many conflicts in a live concurrency sense. Select CD_Destination. Apps can support such use cases by moving user data to CloudKit and implementing a data sharing flow that includes features like share management and access control. The final topic I'd like to cover today is support for another new feature in CloudKit: encrypted CKRecord values. Finally, I'll tap Send to send the email. For this example, youll use CKAsset to store the note text. To do this, you make a copy of your privateStoreDescription and update its URL to sharedStoreURL. So I'll tap Mail and then enter the information for my friends. How might we build an experience like this? That method works for documents saved to the current iCloud account. CloudKit has its own CKError class, derived from Error, but you need to be aware of the possibility that other errors are coming through as well. Also, the service itself must protect against a range of potential issues, such as unauthorized requests, conflicting changes, and the like. Well, let me show you. Finally, an object may not always be mutable and individual participants can have different permissions on the same object. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. With a free Kodeco account you can download source code, track your progress, I'll open the CoreDataCloudKitDemo managed object model, and there's a specific property on the post entity I want to show you called location. It is important to be aware that this fetch operation must be executed on the shared cloud database instance of the app instead of the recipients private database. Is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks? Clash between mismath's \C and babel with russian. When a record is shared, a share link is sent to the recipient user in the form of a URL. Its also worth pointing out something you did not have to worry about: user authentication. To change the permissions and access to this data, Apple has done all the heavy lifting for you. and how to operate on records and objects. Heres Apples sample project on Synchronizing a Local Store to the Cloud. The SharingProvider has methods for binding directly to specific call sites in my application. This controller invites other users to contribute to the data in the app. Go to the first device you created the share from, because you need to be the Owner to access the Share Options. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Before an app can take advantage of CloudKit sharing, the CKSharingSupported key needs to be added to the project Info.plist file with a Boolean value of true. Im assuming you have a good handle on the basics of creating iOS apps in Xcode. These are all the changes I had to make for my first demo, but my application also needs to effectively communicate what objects are shared, who they're shared with, and what those participants can do. Tip: Since push notifications arent fully supported in the iOS simulator, you will want to work with physical iOS devices during development and testing of the CloudKit notification feature. by the presence of their objectID in this set. So that's how we use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. Its fair to say iCloud got off to a bit of a rocky start. To improve this, go back to HomeView.swift. CloudKit organizes data via a hierarchy of classes: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and CKRecord. Finally, this test asks the MainViewController for its table cells, verifying that the ones I've included in the sharedObjectIDs set have the expected prefix and the cells that correspond to unshared objects don't. 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